IACUC The 3 Rs and Literature Searches IACUC Approved: September, 2013 Page 1 of 2 Performance standard: Principal investigators must demonstrate that they actively searched for alternatives to procedures that may cause animal pain or distress, prior to ACUP approval. Barley, J. A great amount of scientific work has been devoted to, dropping a dilution of it directly onto the eye of an animal, usually a, substance will irritate the eye. (2005) Balancing the needs of animals and science. Policy Statement. 3. If by reducing animal numbers, researchers end up with data that have no statistical significance, they would have wasted animal lives, which would be unacceptable. UT Arlington Campus Police, 817-272-3381 6. The following excerpt from the National Research Council of the National Academies Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition, explains the Three Rs: reduction, replacement, and refinement. This review is sometimes called a de novoreview because the protocol receives the same scrutiny by the committee as if it were a brand-new submission. Improving understanding about Animal Research / Animal Testing. blame8truth. 37 terms. 395 terms. Of course, the mice are happier too. Unfortunately, none of them worked well, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, http://www.rds-online.org.uk/pages/page.asp?i_ToolbarID=4&i_PageID=45, A look at responsible research with monkeys. 73 terms. Iacuc used for animals three rs replacement non. Although difficult, some progress on replacement has been made by scientists. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Many non-animal techniques have been designed to replace the animal tests used in safety testing, but these new techniques do not always work well enough. Protocols are approved by a majority vote at the IACUC meeting with a quorum of members in attendance. Sign up to receive email notification of our latest articles! jackhandshaw. 3:15 - 3:45 State of the Art Rodent Handling: Can a Little Time Go a Long Way for Welfare? At times there can be a conflict between applying the principles of reduction and refinement. A new technique has been developed which uses a machine called a chromatograph which can provide information about purity, replacing the need to use animals to test for the purity and activity of batches of insulin. The 2018 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Conference (IACUC18) will bring together 600 professionals from public and private institutions, the US federal government, industry, and academia to discuss, and debate issues related to animal care and use, research ethics and oversight, and to network with colleagues in the field. Prior to the use of animals on a research project, the research protocol must be approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). Minimizing the impact of the research on the animals is therefore very important for science and animal welfare. RS announced that the recent USDA’s inspection of the animal facility (dated 3/28/02) was in full compliance and that all previous non-compliances were corrected and removed. One member must have no relation with the institution except for serving on the IACUC. Research at the University of Oxford is trying to determine the optimal cage cleaning regimen, since a very dirty cage is bad for animal welfare, however too frequent cleaning will disrupt the urine odors that mice used to maintain social hierarchies and mark territory – thus stressing the animal unnecessarily. Females are used to provide fertilized eggs for microinjection. All research establishments are required to have an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) which reviews all research projects to ensure all that the 3Rs are being implemented. 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology & Medicine highlights vital role of animal research, Animal models paved the way for Phase III testing of the COVID-19 vaccine, A small number of monkeys could help millions of people: Coronavirus vaccine testing, Animal research ‘in parallel’, lessons from Spina Bifida, Irresponsible behavior by animal rights activists in the midst of a global health crisis, Evergreen: Celebrating #WorldImmunizationWeek 2020 – Reversing the damage. 4. endobj Each batch of insulin has to be tested to measure how active it is so that the correct dosage can be calculated. Finally, and very importantly, there are strong scientific reasons for implementing the 3Rs. However, the use of animals is an important aspect in some areas of research and, in an ideal world, alternatives would be available. The concept of alternatives is embodied in what has come to be referred to as the “3 Rs”–Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. In order to reduce the number of females used it is common practice to give hormones, to increase the number of eggs released per animal – a process called superovulation. 3 R's. The 3Rs are also important from an ethical standpoint, as research using animals has the potential to cause pain, suffering or distress – this can arise from the experiments themselves or from the way that animals are housed. Home Office Licensing overview; Establishment Licence stream University Biomedical Services (UBS) Home; Home Office Licensing. Although replacement is the ultimate goal, as long as animals are used in research, refinement is the ‘R’ with the greatest and widest potential impact. This policy requires that investigators consider alternatives to procedures that may cause more than momentary or slight pain, or distress to research animals. Welcome to The Macaque Website, a free resource for everyone who works with, or is interested in, laboratory macaques: animal care staff and technicians, facility managers, veterinarians, researchers, students, policy makers and IACUC / AWERB members. (PDF - 694 KB) Who gets to be a PI? 2 0 obj True. 4. An obvious way to improve animal welfare it to provide an environment that meets the animals’ specific needs (see Barley, 2005). The IACUC is, therefore, now asking that all PIs provide these explanations in their new protocols. Now that insulin is produced by bacterial culture rather than being extracted from pig and cow pancreases, it contains fewer impurities. However, when thinking about ways to reduce the number of animals used, researchers also have to ensure that the design of their experiment is robust. For example, some researchers may have to face the ethical dilemma of deciding whether it is better to use 10 rats in an experiment that will involve suffering or to use 100 rats in the same experiment but involving little or no suffering. THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH... CITI training responsible conduct. Test Prep. The Institutional Official (Vice President for Research), 817-272-6791 5. The IACUC's Impact on Advancing Best Practices and the Three Rs January 2011 ILAR journal / National Research Council, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources 52(Suppl 1):436-439 There have been some notable successes, but overall, progress has been slow. <> However, superovulation requires that each animal is given an injection into its abdomen and this may cause pain. Stress minimization through better training for animal technicians, and ensuring pain relief is quickly administered whenever necessary are two more ways of improving animal welfare. Kathryn Bayne; The IACUC's Impact on Advancing Best Practices and the Three Rs, ILAR Journal, Volume 52, Issue Suppl_1, 1 January 2011, Pages 436–439, https://d YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE... CITI Training International Research. 21 terms . Even though animal experiments are performed by the Three Rs concept, animal researches which do not comply with international rules and standards are not accepted as well. This is illustrated by a study of genetically modified mice with similar mutations to those found in people with Huntington’s disease – a disease that causes difficulties in movement and memory. endobj The conference guide for PRIM&R's 2012 Institutional Animal Care and Use Conference In any humane society there is clearly a moral obligation to ensure that any harm caused is kept to an absolute minimum. Although this provides the IACUC leeway in assessing a proposed project, it also affords little guidance. Protocol Review Version #: 02 Approved by IACUC Date: 5/9/18 Replacement of the animal model with a non-animal model or a species phylogenetically lower. The three Rs are Reduction in number of animals used, Refinement of methods to minimize pain and distress, and . Practicing the “3 Rs” – Considerations for Investigators The Animal Welfare Act legislatively mandates that IACUCs ensure that PIs have considered the use of “animal alternatives”. The IACUC Chair, iacuchair@uta.edu 4. endobj 3Rs-Centre Utrecht Life Sciences (ULS) A Step-by-Step Guide to Systematically Identify all Relevant Animal Studies.Review article in Laboratory Animals, 46:(24-31), 2012. RR raised the issue of AALAS membership and suggested that someone (perhaps RS and/or LW) become members. #FactCheckNeeded: How are mice and rats accounted for in the balance of science, medicine, and animal welfare? Since the Three Rs of replacement, reduction and refinement was proposed by Russel and Birch in 1959, researchers have a moral duty to minimize harm to animals. The objective of the education and training is t… If the Huntington’s disease mice are provided with a complex cage environment that provides opportunities to hide, nest, gnaw and forage, the disease progresses much more slowly than in mice kept in barren cages, and in fact the mice mimic the progress of the human disease more closely. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) Literature Search FULL POLICY CONTENTS Policy Statement Background . Animals have been replaced, for example by the use of cell culture systems, human volunteers, computers and new imaging techniques. C. The following information is to be provided: 1. A choice has to be made between reduction and refinement. Priscy1987 PLUS. This, in turn, can affect the validity and reproducibility of any data obtained. After the Principal Investigator submits the new protocol or amendment, the IACUC Office reviews the submission for completeness and notifies the Principal Inves… Resources for IACUC Members Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Guidebook (ARENA/OLAW) (PDF) IACUC.org, a resource … Keeping the number of animals used to a minimum is extremely important. RS will follow up on this. 7 th Annual Symposium: 3Rs: Practical Solutions and Success Stories Presented by NIH OLAW, John s Hopkins University Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, and USDA AWIC J une 4-5, 2020 | Beltsville, MD. 3. The successful implementation of the Three Rs depends upon the education and training of those involved in research and testing. The 3Rs: Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement, are important from a legal, ethical and scientific standpoint. Minimizing suffering is the responsibility of all those involved in the use of animals in research, including the research institutions and the people of that carry out the studies. (PDF - 73 KB) The importance of being ‘in charge'. Finally, and very importantly, there are strong scientific reasons for implementing the 3Rs. Pages 8; Ratings 100% (3) 3 out of 3 people found this document helpful. FAQ. Another aspect of replacement is the use of “lower” species of animals wherever possible. KCAltenburg. . Indeed, opinion polls have shown that the public only accepts research using animals where this is the case. The role of the IACUC is detailed in legislation and binding rules, which are in turn inspired by the Three Rs: the principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. Physiology, immunology and behavior, but overall, progress has been devoted developing! 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