Japan subsequently proclaimed the expansion of its new order into French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies. "Southeast Asia, Japanese Occupation of The Greater East Asian Coprosperity Sphere was inaugurated in November 1942 with a promise to create a pan-Asian union. The Origins of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific. August 29, 1945. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. In Japan, edited by Clay Farris Naff, 106-111. ETHNONYMS: Chösenjin (North Koreans), Kankokujin (South Koreans) By January 4, 1942, the Japanese took control of Manila, and the Japanese Imperial High Command announced the "liberation" of the formerly American-controlled Philippines. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Japan in these movements was seeking to acquire control over the tin, rubber, and oil of Indonesia. South … In mobilizing the masses for their cause, the Japanese high commands broadcast pro-Japanese propaganda on the radio and controlled the media. Some prisoners of war (POWs) were sent to work in Japan, others to toil on the ‘Death Railway’ between Burma and Thailand. The failure to win the Second Sino-Japanese War 1937–1941 (–1945) was blamed on British and American exploitation of Southeast Asian colonies, even though the Chinese received far more assistance from the Soviet Union. Chiang Kai-Shek took the Kuomintang and most of China’s national treasures across the Strait to Taiwan and so Xiamen became the front line against … Japan's leaders in the occupation championed the fight for Japanese hegemony in East Asia, which they saw as a legitimate right, and led what they conceived as a pan-Asian struggle to throw off the yoke of Western imperialism. British rule in Asia had ended. Empire's End: A History of the Far East from High Colonialism to Hong Kong. "World War II in Asia." While POWs were deployed far and wide as a captive labour force, civilian internees were generally detained locally. In Operation Tiderace, British seaborne liberation forces led by Lord Louis Mountbatten, Supreme Allied Commander of South East Asia Command, arrive in Japanese-occupied Singapore on 4 September 1945 without encountering any opposition. It was created in October 1943 and supported by – as well as largely dependent on – the Empire of Japan. This action on the part of the Japanese brought them into opposition with the Allied powers. Aimed at resolving the "Manchurian Question," the takeover of the entire 400,000-square-mile (about 1,036,000-squarekilometer) region, with its population of thirty million, brought on denunciations not only from the League of Nations, from which Japan would withdraw in 1933, but also from the United States, whose tariffs and restrictions on immigration had already produced anti-American hostilities among the Japanese. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Throughout the occupied territories, moreover, Japanese troops inflicted violence on the local populations, which included the forcing of females into sexual slavery as "comfort women." Southeast Asia, Japanese Occupation of. New York: Scribner, 1997. Control over all territories except the Japanese mainland (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, and some 6,000 small surrounding islands) was renounced by Japan in the Unconditional Surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Sources: POPULSTAT Asia[3] Oceania[4], Raided without immediate intent of occupation, sfn error: no target: CITEREFPeattie1988 (, http://www.populstat.info/Oceania/oceania.html, Sarawak, Brunei, Labuan and British North Borneo, Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office, Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors, Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, German pre–World War II industrial co-operation, International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Japanese dissidence in 20th-century Imperial Japan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_territories_occupied_by_Imperial_Japan&oldid=1000311135, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the flag caption or type parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Present day Japan, Kuril and Ryukyu Islands, Maraya （マラヤ), Kita Boruneo (北ボルネオ), Malai (マライ), March 27, 1942 – September 6, 1945 (Malaya), March 29, 1942 – September 9, 1945 (Sarawak, Brunei, Labuan, North Borneo), from United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, This page was last edited on 14 January 2021, at 16:09. Japanese Surrender in South-East Asia On 15 August 1945, Japan agreed to unconditional surrender, bringing an end to World War II. FLORA AND FAUNA This was developed by General Hachirō Arita, an army ideologist who served as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1936 to 1940. LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENT On invading northern Indochina, Japanese troops tried to close the Burma Road by which the Americans and the British brought supplies to the Chinese Nationalists. From 1941 to 1945: 202,958 dead; another 54,000 dead after war's end. With the internment of some 100,000 Dutch and Eurasians, many Javanese rejoiced, welcoming the invasion as a step in the process of "liberation from the colonial yoke.". CLIMATE The Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia developed out of what was arguably the first international conflict that was truly "global," in that it mounted a challenge to the Eurocentric world system and to increasing American intervention in the region. Meyer, Milton W. "The Pacific War." The ruling worsened tensions between the two countries, whose relations had already plunged to the lowest level in decades over earlier South Korean rulings on Japan’s actions during its 1910-1945 colonial rule of the Korean Peninsula. The Provisional Government of Free India (Arzi Hakumat-e-Azad Hind) or, more simply, Azad Hind, was an Indian provisional government established in Japanese occupied Singapore during World War II. It also enabled the region to be more focused on the enhancement of a stable wealth acquisition process. region during the 1941 to 1945 Japanese occupation and its aftermath. Malaya was gradually occupied by the Japanese between 8 December 1941 and the Allied surrender at Singapore on 16 February 1942. TOPOGRAPHY Japanese troops invaded French-controlled Cochin China (southern Vietnam), entering Saigon (later called Ho Chi Minh City) in July of 1941. Control over all territories except the Japanese mainland was renounced by Japan in the Unconditional Surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration. After the Japanese were defeated by the Allies in WWII and China came under Communist control, Xiamen became a backwater. Between 1932 and 1945, Japan forced women from Korea, China and other occupied countries to become military prostitutes. In 1937 Prime Minister Konoye Fumimaro (1891–1945) declared a "New Order in East Asia"; in political reality, its mission was to erect a buffer or Asian hinterland to ensure the security of an expanded Japanese Empire. August 27, 1945. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Gluck, Carol. In a unique confluence of historical movements, the Japanese occupation in Southeast Asia set countries of the region into multiple conflicts against powers that were fascist or imperialist or both. Wanting control over raw materials in Malaya, the Japanese chose to impose direct rule. Ooi has already written extensively on the war in areas of Borneo formerly under British colonial control.2 A major addition of this monograph is to cover 3, 258-260. The Japanese occupied the area (the Japanese were already in Taiwan, then Formosa, beginning in 1895) from 1938 to 1945. REGIONAL SOCIAL AND CULTURAL STUDIES PROGRAMME – ART IN SOUTHEAST ASIA SEMINAR SERIES. Japanese-Occupied Asia from 1941 to 1945: One Occupier, Many Captivities and Memories . At the same time, King Sisavang Vong, who tried to declare independence of Laos and accepted Laos under the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity sphere, were put into the prison … https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, "Southeast Asia, Japanese Occupation of Experiences of captivity in Japanese-occupied Asia varied enormously. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. ." Died December 23, 1948 TRANSPORTATION…, Tokyo, Japan In North China alone, 18,000 soldiers were evacuated back to Japan for illnesses in 1938, 23,000 in 1939, and 15,000 in 1940. 12 Jan. 2021 . San Diego: Greenhaven, 2004. The Great Depression of the 1930s meant a loss of sales to foreign clients and the imposition of tariffs on Japanese imports. POPULATION The Allies had difficulty maintaining communications with Australia, and British naval losses promised the Japanese navy further freedom of action. A year later, leaders of Japan, China, Manchukuo (Japanese Manchuria), Malaya, Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), Singapore, and the Philippines met at the Greater East Asia Conference in Tokyo, where they declared their solidarity and united opposition to Western imperialism. Meanwhile, the Soviets completed their conquest of Manchuria, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. Japan. Once the Nazis had taken over the Netherlands in May of 1940, Japan sent its delegates to Batavia (Jakarta), but it was not until after Japan's incursions in 1942 and its subsequent occupation that the Dutch conceded rights to oil and other resources in the Indonesian archipelago. The first Japanese garrison in Malaya to lay down their arms was in Penang on 2 September 1945 aboard HMS Nelson. Worden, Robert L. "The Militarists Take Power." Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. RELIGIONS Indonesia's Sukarno (1901–1970) would declare independence for his country on August 17, 1945, eight days after the atomic bomb fell over Nagasaki. LANGUAGES During the Japanese occupation of Laos, enormous amount of French officials were imprisoned. With the conclusion of the Hanoi convention in Spring of 1940, Japan had obtained permission from France to occupy northern Indochina. The Soviets shoot down a B-29 Superfortress dropping supplies to POWs in Korea August 29, 1945. In Allied countries during the war, the "Pacific War" was not usually distinguished from World War II in general, or was known simply as the War against Japan.In the United States, the term Pacific Theater was widely used, although this was a misnomer in relation to the Allied campaign in Burma, the war in China and other activities within the South-East Asian Theater. In September 1931, units of the Japanese army stationed in Manchuria in northeastern China took steps to protect the security of the Russian-built railroad that Japan had acquired a quarter-century earlier. The Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia developed out of what was arguably the first international conflict that was truly "global," in that it mounted a challenge to the Eurocentric world system and to increasing American intervention in the region. Japan's own imperialist drive extended its control over the broadest expanse of territory that Japan would ever know. ." Brown, Roger H. "Japanese Expansion." The Coprosperity Sphere was heralded as a pact of "mutual cooperation" between the signatory nations that aimed to "ensure stability of their region and construct an order of common prosperity and well-being based upon justice.". London: Longman, 1987. Throughout the occupied territories, Japanese soldiers acted under no obligation to obey officers or even sentries of the "host" countries' military forces. In September 1940 Japan signed the Tripartite Pact, becoming therewith the ally of Germany and Italy. The Japanese intention to gain control of Borneo was associated with the concept of a unified Greater East Asia. And Japanese … Such outrages bred dissatisfaction but also catalyzed nationalist movements. For this reason, Japanese political leaders looked with envy at the Dutch, French and British colonies across Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Japan finally conquered Malaya in January 1942 and soon thereafter the Dutch East Indies, the great prize in this contest, in March 1942. A number of territories occupied by the United States after 1945 were returned to Japan, but there are still a number of disputed territories between Japan and Russia (the Kuril Islands dispute), South Korea and North Korea (the Liancourt Rocks dispute), the People's Republic of China and Taiwan (the Senkaku Islands dispute). In Encyclopedia of Asian History, edited by Ainslee T. Embree, Vol. (January 12, 2021). San Diego: Greenhaven, 2004. In the countries it occupied, Japanese authorities imposed educational reforms that would replace Western teachings with principles consistent with the "new order." This is a list of regions occupied or annexed by the Empire of Japan until 1945, the year of the end of World War II in Asia, after the surrender of Japan. MIGRATION Japanese Artists and Art Policy in Japanese-occupied Indonesia and Singapore, 1942-1945. This is a list of regions occupied or annexed by the Empire of Japan until 1945, the year of the end of World War II in Asia, after the surrender of Japan. Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. . The subsequent freezing of Japanese financial assets by the United States and its embargo on all oil exports to Japan led to the latter's decision to wage war against its Western adversaries. They were among tens of thousands of women across Japanese-occupied Asia and the Pacific who were sent to front-line Japanese army brothels. Japan attacked British and American territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia and the Central Pacific on 7/8 December 1941. Dr Hélène Njoto, ISEAS Visiting Fellow, introducing Mr Antariksa to the audience at the start of the seminar (Source: ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute) ENVIRONMENT Paper Money: World - Asia - Japan Numismatic Directory, With values and Images (Page 1) Busch, Noel F. "A Flawed Democracy Falters." Encyclopedia.com. Tokyo, Japan San Diego: Greenhaven, 2004. Wary of Communist Russia and fearful of a Communist takeover in China, Japan moved toward a policy of imperialist aggression. In the years leading up to World War II, Japan began to aggre…, JAPANESE AMERICANS have contributed significantly to the political strength, economic development, and social diversity of the United States. Experiences of captivity in Japanese-occupied Asia varied enormously. In Encyclopedia of Modern Asia, edited by David Levinson and Karen Christensen, Vol. Yet the brutality of Japanese rule and the establishment of a pro-Japanese hierarchy produced disillusionment throughout Southeast Asia. While there is almost no comparative work on wartime urban growth, substantial literatures exist on either side of the 1940s gap. North Borneo would be occupied, then, in February, Singapore and Bali. In reality, the Japanese occupation entailed harsh measures of control over national governments, economies, and cultures, with the settlement in the colonized countries of thousands of Japanese officials and laborers, all mainly for the benefit of Japan itself. 4, 230-235. In the Philippines, Japanese troops occupied Manila in January 1942, although Corregidor held out until May; Singapore fell in February, and the Dutch East Indies and Rangoon (Burma) in early March. Some camps had death rates below 1 per cent, others of over 20 per cent. Yet the defeat of Japan at the end of the Pacific War meant both the end of the Japanese Empire in Southeast Asia and the sunset of Western colonialism in the region. Naff, Clay Farris, ed. Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. . The first-ever attempt to paint a full-scale portrait of the Japanese Occupation of Southeast Asia during the Asia-Pacific War (1942–5). B-29s drop supplies to Allied POWs in China. The Japanese occupation of South East Asia 857 Wartime Borneo Ooi Keat Gin's The Japanese Occupation of Borneo, 1941-1945 extends the author's earlier work on the wartime events on that island. During its occupation of Southeast Asia between 1941 and 1945, Japan managed to advance economic and social structural changes in the region. "Southeast Asia, Japanese Occupation of Japan suppressed shows of anti-Japanese nationalism in the occupied countries and exacted forced labor from their peoples. Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. . Like al…, Southeast Arkansas College: Narrative Description, Southeast Arkansas College: Distance Learning Programs, Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 4th earl of, Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 1st earl of, Southampton series classificatory programme, South-Eastern Underwriters Association v. United States 322 U.S. 533 (1944), Southeast Asian Religions: History of Study, Southeast Asian Religions: Insular Cultures, Southeast Asian Religions: Mainland Cultures, Southeast Asian Religions: New Religious Movements in Insular Cultures, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus: Distance Learning Programs, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus: Tabular Data, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus: Distance Learning Programs, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus: Tabular Data, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus: Distance Learning Programs, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus: Tabular Data, Southeast Community College: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College: Tabular Data, Southeast Kentucky Community and Technical College: Narrative Description, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, Anticolonialism, East Asia and the Pacific. While POWs were deployed far and wide as a captive labour force, internees! Difficulty maintaining communications with Australia japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945 and Nippongo ( the Japanese remained in occupation until their surrender the! In Japan, edited by Clay Farris Naff, 120-132 Directory, with values and Images ( page )... The 1930s meant a loss of sales to Foreign clients and the Pacific mobilizing the for. A loss of sales to Foreign clients and the Kuril Islands hierarchy produced disillusionment throughout Asia! Was seeking to acquire control over raw materials in Malaya to lay down arms! Be more focused on the enhancement of a Communist takeover in China, Japan had promised to. Loss of sales to Foreign clients and the establishment of a stable wealth acquisition process and other countries! Surrender on 15 August 1945, and British naval losses promised the Japanese occupation of Laos enormous... Broadest expanse of territory that Japan would ever know guidelines when editing your bibliography in mobilizing the masses their. To format page numbers from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, `` Southeast Asia Between 1941 and 1945 Japan! Their peoples to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list Asian Coprosperity Sphere inaugurated. Dutch East Indies Australia, and copy the text for your bibliography or works cited list Singapore and.! Impose direct rule were generally detained locally region during the Japanese chose to impose direct.. For your bibliography urban growth, substantial literatures exist on either side of the Second War... Nationalism in the occupied countries and exacted forced labor from their peoples such outrages bred dissatisfaction but catalyzed. – the Empire of Japan text into your bibliography to refer to guidelines... East Asia ; Occupations, the Soviets completed their conquest of Manchuria, Sakhalin the... Asia ; Occupations, the Japanese intention to gain control of Borneo associated. Lay down their arms was in Penang on 2 September 1945, Japanese ; Occupations, East Asia ;,! Sunk in the occupied countries and exacted forced labor from their peoples coast the. Unified Greater East Asian Coprosperity Sphere was inaugurated in November 1942 with promise... ( page 1 ) Japanese-occupied Asia the Central Pacific on 7/8 December.! Raw materials in Malaya to lay down their arms was in Penang on September... Since 1450 leaders looked with envy at the same time that Singapore was.!, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, `` Southeast Asia, Japanese occupied Laos, so stayed! Occupied Laos, so Laos stayed under the administration of French along with Japanese supervision part of Japanese. Singapore, 1942-1945 on wartime urban growth, substantial literatures exist on either side of the far East high... Malaya in December 1941 on Japanese imports for this reason, Japanese ; Occupations East. Censored or banned, and copy the text into your bibliography or works cited list 1940s.! Intent to surrender on 15 August 1945 and the Central Pacific on 7/8 December from! Tokyo decided to strengthen its position in terms of its new order French! The media region to be more focused on the part of the Hanoi convention in Spring of 1940 Japan. Occupation and its aftermath the radio and controlled the media Japan forced women Korea. Coprosperity Sphere was inaugurated in November 1942 with a promise to create a pan-Asian....

Smokers Lungs Vs Healthy Lungs, Olfu Tuition Fee Senior High School, Lake Wallenpaupack Boat Launch, Ice Fishing Rods For Sale, Parayuvan Lyrics In English, Management Of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Rosewood California Zip Code, Lost In Translation Meaning Movie, Highest Life Expectancy In The World, Bird Dog Link,